Green Funerals

Table of Contents Definition Comparison between traditional and green funeral Why green funeral is gaining popularity Trend of green funeral Works Cited Definition The current concept of ‘green’ funerals began in the U.K. in the early 1990s and it gained popularity across the world. Often, green funeral is tantamount with eco burials, woodland burials, and meadow funerals. The fact that there are numerous woodland burial sites accessible for green funerals in the United Kingdom relative to only 50 in the late 1990s, makes it a more appealing alternative for those individuals planning for their dear ones or their own funeral (â€Å"Green funerals† par. 1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Funerals specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Comparison between traditional and green funeral A traditional funeral and burial in the United States cost between $6,000 and $10,000, at the same necessitat es embalming using formaldehyde, and requires the use of indecomposable steel casket and concrete burial chamber. This undertaking usually requires a burial plots and are normally eyesore (Smith 2003). On the other hand, green burial can cost half the expenditures in traditional burial and embalming, concrete vaults and steel caskets are not allowed. As opposed to metal casket, biodegradable materials such as cardboard or wood are used to construct casket, or biodegradable fibers are used for shroud. In addition, green graves are indicated using natural features such as planting of a shrub or a tree, else with placement of an indigenous slab. Also, burial sites are marked with a geographic information system [GIS] so that future descendants are can locate an ancestor’s grave (Smith 2003). Why green funeral is gaining popularity According to Lobster Habitat (para. 3), plot space is running out through out America. This trend has been brought about by common family relocations and high divorce rate has lead people to stop visiting their local cemetery to pay tribute to their departed one. Cremation has overtaken traditional burial as an alternative for putting to rest the loved ones. In fact, Cremation Association of North America claims that by 2010, cremation will comprise 40% of burials in the U.S. Thus, these cremation statistics indicate that alternative burial trends are gaining popularity such as â€Å"green burial† which motivates a lot of Americans to contemplate leaving behind a lasting eco-living legacy. For individuals or families who opt for alternative burial, a new trend called reef burial is becoming famous (Funeral Professional Coalition Council of Canada 1).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Trend of green funeral Based on Geoff Carnell, various factors such as world circumstances will contribute a lot in how quick the trend wil l perpetuate. Carnell suppose that baby boomers will focus on certain green practices, however, the concept will sustain in the proceeding generation, especially if their cost are relatively less. The demand swing for green funeral alternative will be determined by the following factors; (a) generational paradigms shift: embracing green live as an indispensable fact of live; (b) government’s policies; (c) actual environmental transformations and appreciation of imminent crisis; (d) public awareness; (e) national or worldwide economy (Funeral Professional Coalition Council of Canada 5). In the United States, green funerals have become a common reality and Carlson in caring for the Dead: Your Final Act of Love anticipates that even the boomers will choose green as an alternative. To further emphasize on the generational gap and inclinations, with regard to market study group divisions, Baby Boomers who top the chart are seconded by Generation X, then followed closely by the Mil lennial Generation, with every cohort depicting an increasing awareness, technically confidence, flexible to transformations, and environmentally informed (FPCCC 5). Works Cited Funeral Professional Coalition Council of Canada. Initial best practices for green Funerals in Canada: A green guide for funeral professionals. Vancouver: Kogan Page, 2009. Print. Green Funerals. Green Funerals Woodland Burials. n.d. 12 January, 2011. http://www.uk-funerals.co.uk/green-funerals.html Lobster Habitat. New Deathcare Trend: Green Burial at Sea in Artificial Reef Balls. January 2008. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Green Funerals specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Smith, Nancy. Green Burials Home Funerals. Mother earths news. April/May 2003. 12 January, 2011. https://www.motherearthnews.com/ This essay on Green Funerals was written and submitted by user Benjamin H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Queen Anne Architecture - Victorian Houses in the US

Queen Anne Architecture - Victorian Houses in the US Of all the Victorian house styles, Queen Anne is the most elaborate and the most eccentric. The style is often called romantic and feminine, yet it is the product of a most unromantic era the machine age. The Queen Anne style became fashionable in the 1880s and 1890s, when the industrial revolution was building up steam in the United States. North America was caught up in the excitement of new technologies. Factory-made, pre-cut architectural parts were shuttled across the country on a rapidly expanding train network. Prefabricated cast iron became the showy, ornate facade of urban merchants and bankers. The well-to-do wanted the same manufactured elegance for their homes as they had for their businesses, so exuberant architects and builders combined architectural details to create innovative, and sometimes excessive, homes. Victorian Status Symbol Widely-published pattern books touted spindles and towers and other flourishes we associate with Queen Anne architecture. Country folk yearned for fancy city trappings. Wealthy industrialists pulled out all stops as they built lavish castles using Queen Anne ideas. Even Frank Lloyd Wright, who later championed his Prairie Style houses, began his career building Queen Anne style houses. Most notably, Wrights houses for Walter Gale, Thomas H. Gale, and Robert P. Parker are well-known Queen Annes in the Chicago, Illinois area. The Queen Anne Look Although easy to spot, Americas Queen Anne style is difficult to define. Some Queen Anne houses are lavished with gingerbread, but some are made of brick or stone. Many have turrets, but this crowning touch is not necessary to make a house a queen. So, what is Queen Anne? Virginia and Lee McAlester, authors of A Field Guide to American Houses, identify four types of detailing found on Queen Anne homes. 1. Spindled Queen Anne (See photo)This is the style we most frequently think of when we hear the term Queen Anne. These are gingerbread houses with delicate turned porch posts and lacy, ornamental spindles. This type of decoration is often called Eastlake because it resembles the work of the famous English furniture designer, Charles Eastlake. 2. Free Classic Queen Anne (See photo)Instead of delicate turned spindles, these homes have classical columns, often raised on brick or stone piers. Like the Colonial Revival houses that would soon become fashionable, Free Classic Queen Anne homes may have Palladian windows and dentil moldings. 3. Half-Timbered Queen AnneLike the early Tudor style houses, these Queen Anne houses have decorative half-timbering in the gables. Porch posts are often thick. 4. Patterned Masonry Queen Anne (See photo)Most frequently found in the city, these Queen Anne houses have brick, stone, or terra-cotta walls. The masonry may be beautifully patterned, but there are few decorative details in wood. Mixed-Up Queens A list of Queen Anne features can be deceptive. Queen Anne architecture does not adhere to an orderly list of characteristics- the Queen refuses to be easily classified. Bay windows, balconies, stained glass, turrets, porches, brackets, and an abundance of decorative details may combine in unexpected ways. Also, Queen Anne details can be found on less pretentious houses. In American cities, smaller working-class homes were given patterned shingles, spindle work, extensive porches, and bay windows. Many turn-of-the-century houses are in fact hybrids, combining Queen Anne motifs with features from earlier and later fashions. About the name Queen Anne Queen Anne architecture in North America is very different from the slightly earlier versions of the style found throughout the United Kingdom. Moreover, in both the USA and England, Victorian Queen Anne architecture has little do with the British Queen Anne who ruled during the 1700s. So, why are some Victorian houses called Queen Anne? Anne Stuart became the Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland in the early 1700s. Art and science flourished during her reign. One hundred and fifty years later, Scottish architect Richard Norman Shaw and his followers used the term Queen Anne to describe their work. Their buildings didnt resemble the formal architecture of the Queen Anne period, but the name stuck. In the USA, builders began constructing homes with half-timbering and patterned masonry. These houses may have been inspired by the work of Richard Norman Shaw. Like Shaws buildings, they were called Queen Anne. As builders added spindle work and other flourishes, Americas Queen Anne houses grew increasingly elaborate. So it happened that the Queen Anne style in the United States became entirely different from the British Queen Anne style, and both styles were nothing like the formal, symmetrical architecture found during the time of Queen Annes reign. Endangered Queens Ironically, the very qualities that made Queen Anne architecture so regal also made it fragile. These expansive and expressive buildings proved expensive and difficult to maintain. By the turn of the twentieth century, the Queen Anne style had fallen out of favor. In the early 1900s, American builders favored homes with less ornamentation. The terms Edwardian and Princess Anne are names sometimes used for simplified, scaled down versions of the Queen Anne style. While many Queen Anne houses have been preserved as private homes, others have been converted into apartment houses, offices, and inns. The Queen Anne neighborhood of Seattle, Washington is named for its architecture. In San Francisco, flamboyant homeowners have painted their Queen Anne houses a rainbow of psychedelic colors. Purists protest that bright colors are not historically authentic. But the owners of these Painted Ladies claim that Victorian architects would be pleased. Queen Anne designers did, after all, relish decorative excesses. Learn More The Queen Anne Style Queen Anne House Pictures Dozens of photographs from around the United States let you see the variety of Queen Anne styles. References Baker, John Milnes. American House Styles: A Concise Guide. Hardcover, Second edition edition, Countryman Press, July 3, 2018. McAlester, Virginia Savage. A Field Guide to American Houses (Revised): The Definitive Guide to Identifying and Understanding Americas Domestic Architecture. Paperback, Expanded, Revised edition, Knopf, November 10, 2015. Walker, Lester R. American Shelter: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of the American Home. Hardcover, Overlook, 1700. COPYRIGHT:The articles you see on the architecture pages at About.com are copyrighted. You may link to them, but do not copy them onto a web page or a print publication.

Crime scene analysis - Witness Statement Assignment

Crime scene analysis - Witness Statement - Assignment Example Each member of the group had been directed to recover and package at least two exhibits. In addition, every member of the team was to prepare a sketch with measurements as well as to complete a scene book recording the entire details. I along with a team, comprising three other detectives, left our station at 0400 hrs and reached the location at 0415 hrs. On reaching the location I briefed the other team members on the procedure to be followed and told them that I will do the video recording of the entire area as well as the main items we recover. However, they were told to take any specific items that they may recover and retrieve as evidence. As soon as the briefing process was over, we did the initial assessment of the crime scene and I proceeded to record the scene and the recording on CD is submitted as Exhibit MAS-001. A copy of the same has been kept in Police HQ on thumb drive. During my initial assessment, I estimated that the actual crime scene would be around 50 metres fro m the sidewalk and about 10 metres from a footpath inside the park, by the side of the hedge. I could identify the area distinctly because of the flattened grass turf in the scene and, additionally, there were also a few small clumps of grass in the area, which suggested of a person trying to grab the grass while fighting. Besides, I could also see the finger marks on the ground as if someone was trying to clutch the ground for balancing or crawling away to ward of an attacking person. Similarly, I could also see elongated marks on the ground as a result of someone attempting to hold ground while pushing another person away. There were also telltale marks of shoe toes on the ground suggesting that someone was balancing the feet on ground to hold another person down. Subsequently, I recorded the other items that were lying on the crime scene. At first I retrieved the condom and its wrap, which have been produced as exhibit MAS-002. The condom had some semen in it and there were dropl ets on the ground nearby. I recorded these in close up as well as the area from where it was recovered. The first was a woman’s underwear hanging from a tree and I recorded it from the position we were standing. I went closer to record it from below. After retrieving it, I again recorded it from close range. It was a black coloured, laced panties and its elastic band had become loose. It had torn in two places clearly suggesting that someone had pried it off rather than the person wearing it removed it. It was a Calvin Klein brand I also recorded label and the areas where it had been torn. It is produced as Exhibit MAS-003. Next, I recorded a beer bottle that was lying on the ground. Initially, I recorded it from a distance and then went closer to record a close up view. I also turned the bottle on to its other side to record its label. It was Heineken and there was some beer still left in the bottle. I have produced this as Exhibit MAS-004. I also recorded the black shoe, wh ich was of Lee Cooper brand and 9 inches in size. There were mud stains on the shoe and on the toe it had mud sticking to it with small particles of grass sticking to it. I recorded it in close up and it has been produced as exhibit NBW-001. The next item was a knife, which I recorded, following the same procedure as in the other